What circulatory disorder typically happens as an after effect of a diseased heart valve?

The circulatory disorder that typically occurs as an after-effect of a diseased heart valve is embolism. When heart valves are compromised due to disease, they may not function properly in regulating blood flow. This dysfunction can lead to turbulence in blood flow, which can cause blood clots to form. If a clot emerges and travels through the circulatory system, it can become an embolus. As emboli can navigate to various parts of the body, they pose significant risks, such as blockages in blood vessels that supply essential organs.

In the context of the other options, atheroslcerosis is a condition characterized by the buildup of plaque in the arteries and is primarily a chronic disease rather than something directly caused by a diseased heart valve. Thrombopenia refers to a low platelet count, which affects blood clotting mechanisms but is not directly tied to heart valve issues. Cerebral hemorrhage involves bleeding in the brain, typically due to the rupture of blood vessels, and while emboli can lead to serious complications including strokes, the direct relationship with diseased heart valves is more clearly exemplified by the formation of embolisms.